优化UI加载速度

app/views/panel_manager.py

@@ -13,6 +13,11 @@ from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from pqAutomationApp import PQAutomationApp
 
+# 叠层切换：lift/lower，避免 pack_forget 触发 Matplotlib 等大面板重绘。
+_STACK_PANELS = frozenset(
+    {"log", "ai_image", "pantone_baseline", "gamma_pattern", "calman", "single_step"}
+)
+
 
 def create_tool_panel_sidebar_item(
     self: "PQAutomationApp", parent: tk.Misc, label: str, command: Callable[[], None]
@@ -175,69 +180,42 @@ def register_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp", panel_name, frame, button, visible_a
     }
 
 
-def show_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp", panel_name):
+def setup_view_stack(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
-    """显示指定面板，隐藏其他所有面板"""
+    """将所有工具面板叠放在 view_stack 上，切换时仅调整 Z 序。"""
-    if panel_name not in self.panels:
+    if getattr(self, "_view_stack_ready", False):
         return
 
-    # 如果当前面板就是要显示的面板，则隐藏它
+    self.main_view.place(relx=0, rely=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
-    if self.current_panel == panel_name:
-        self.hide_all_panels()
-        # 如果当前测试类型是 Local Dimming，则在关闭日志等面板后自动恢复 Local Dimming 面板
-        try:
-            if (
-                getattr(self, "config", None)
-                and getattr(self.config, "current_test_type", None) == "local_dimming"
-                and panel_name != "local_dimming"
-            ):
-                self.show_panel("local_dimming")
-        except Exception:
-            pass
-        return
-
-    # 隐藏所有面板
-    self.hide_all_panels()
-
-    # 显示指定面板
-    panel_info = self.panels[panel_name]
-
-    # 隐藏主内容区域。
-    # Local Dimming 作为并列测试类型时，需要保留顶部配置区，
-    # 让用户在面板上方直接看到并修改配置项。
-    if panel_name == "local_dimming":
-        # 重新按“自适应高度”布局顶部配置区，避免其占用可扩展空间把
-        # Local Dimming 主面板整体向下挤出大块空白。
-        self.control_frame_top.pack_forget()
-        self.control_frame_top.pack(
-            side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X, expand=False, padx=0, pady=5
-        )
-        self.control_frame_middle.pack_forget()
-        self.control_frame_bottom.pack_forget()
-    else:
-        self.control_frame_top.pack_forget()
-        self.control_frame_middle.pack_forget()
-        self.control_frame_bottom.pack_forget()
-
-    # 显示目标面板
-    panel_info["frame"].pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5)
-
-    # 更新侧栏选中样式
-    _set_tool_panel_sidebar_selected(panel_info, True)
-
-    # 更新状态
-    setattr(self, panel_info["visible_attr"], True)
-    self.current_panel = panel_name
-
-
-def hide_all_panels(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
-    """隐藏所有面板，显示主内容区域"""
-    # 隐藏所有注册的面板
     for panel_name, panel_info in self.panels.items():
-        panel_info["frame"].pack_forget()
+        if panel_name == "local_dimming":
+            continue
+        panel_info["frame"].place(relx=0, rely=0, relwidth=1, relheight=1)
+        panel_info["frame"].lower()
+
+    self._view_stack_ready = True
+
+
+def _lower_stack_panels(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    for panel_name, panel_info in self.panels.items():
+        if panel_name in _STACK_PANELS:
+            panel_info["frame"].lower()
+
+
+def _clear_panel_selection(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    for panel_info in self.panels.values():
         _set_tool_panel_sidebar_selected(panel_info, False)
         setattr(self, panel_info["visible_attr"], False)
 
-    # 显示主内容区域
+
+def _restore_main_view_layout(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    """恢复主界面三区布局，并收起嵌入的 Local Dimming 面板。"""
+    if getattr(self, "_ld_embedded", False):
+        self.local_dimming_frame.pack_forget()
+        self._ld_embedded = False
+
+    self.control_frame_top.pack_forget()
+    self.control_frame_middle.pack_forget()
+    self.control_frame_bottom.pack_forget()
     self.control_frame_top.pack(
         side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=0, pady=5
     )
@@ -248,6 +226,14 @@ def hide_all_panels(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
         side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=0, pady=5
     )
 
+
+def _show_main_content(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    """显示主内容区并清除当前面板状态。"""
+    setup_view_stack(self)
+    _lower_stack_panels(self)
+    _restore_main_view_layout(self)
+    self.main_view.lift()
+    _clear_panel_selection(self)
     self.current_panel = None
 
     if hasattr(self, "_sync_save_button_state"):
@@ -257,6 +243,109 @@ def hide_all_panels(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
             pass
 
 
+def _notify_panel_shown(self: "PQAutomationApp", panel_name: str) -> None:
+    """面板显示后的轻量刷新（延迟执行，不阻塞切换）。"""
+    if panel_name == "calman":
+        refresh = getattr(self, "_on_calman_panel_shown", None)
+        if refresh is not None:
+            self.root.after_idle(refresh)
+
+
+def _show_stack_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp", panel_name: str) -> None:
+    """叠层模式显示工具面板。"""
+    setup_view_stack(self)
+    panel_info = self.panels[panel_name]
+
+    _set_tool_panel_sidebar_selected(panel_info, True)
+
+    previous = self.current_panel
+    if previous == "local_dimming":
+        self.local_dimming_frame.pack_forget()
+        self._ld_embedded = False
+    elif previous is not None and previous in _STACK_PANELS:
+        prev_info = self.panels[previous]
+        _set_tool_panel_sidebar_selected(prev_info, False)
+        setattr(self, prev_info["visible_attr"], False)
+        prev_info["frame"].lower()
+
+    self.main_view.lower()
+    panel_info["frame"].lift()
+    setattr(self, panel_info["visible_attr"], True)
+    self.current_panel = panel_name
+    _notify_panel_shown(self, panel_name)
+
+
+def _show_local_dimming_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    """Local Dimming：保留顶部配置区，下方嵌入 LD 面板。"""
+    setup_view_stack(self)
+    panel_info = self.panels["local_dimming"]
+
+    if self.current_panel in _STACK_PANELS:
+        prev_info = self.panels[self.current_panel]
+        _set_tool_panel_sidebar_selected(prev_info, False)
+        setattr(self, prev_info["visible_attr"], False)
+        prev_info["frame"].lower()
+
+    _set_tool_panel_sidebar_selected(panel_info, True)
+    _lower_stack_panels(self)
+    self.main_view.lift()
+
+    self.control_frame_top.pack_forget()
+    self.control_frame_top.pack(
+        side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.X, expand=False, padx=0, pady=5
+    )
+    self.control_frame_middle.pack_forget()
+    self.control_frame_bottom.pack_forget()
+    self.local_dimming_frame.pack(
+        side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5
+    )
+    self._ld_embedded = True
+
+    setattr(self, panel_info["visible_attr"], True)
+    self.current_panel = "local_dimming"
+
+
+def _maybe_restore_local_dimming_panel(
+    self: "PQAutomationApp", closed_panel: str
+) -> None:
+    """关闭工具面板后，Local Dimming 测试类型下自动恢复 LD 面板。"""
+    if closed_panel == "local_dimming":
+        return
+    try:
+        if (
+            getattr(self, "config", None)
+            and getattr(self.config, "current_test_type", None) == "local_dimming"
+        ):
+            self.show_panel("local_dimming")
+    except Exception:
+        pass
+
+
+def show_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp", panel_name):
+    """显示指定面板，隐藏其他所有面板"""
+    if panel_name not in self.panels:
+        return
+
+    if self.current_panel == panel_name:
+        _show_main_content(self)
+        _maybe_restore_local_dimming_panel(self, panel_name)
+        return
+
+    if panel_name == "local_dimming":
+        _show_local_dimming_panel(self)
+        return
+
+    if panel_name in _STACK_PANELS:
+        _show_stack_panel(self, panel_name)
+        return
+
+    # 未知面板类型：回退到叠层显示
+    _show_stack_panel(self, panel_name)
+
+
+def hide_all_panels(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
+    """隐藏所有面板，显示主内容区域"""
+    _show_main_content(self)
 
 
 class PanelManagerMixin:
@@ -265,6 +354,7 @@ class PanelManagerMixin:
     """
     create_tool_panel_sidebar_item = create_tool_panel_sidebar_item
     register_panel = register_panel
+    setup_view_stack = setup_view_stack
     show_panel = show_panel
     hide_all_panels = hide_all_panels
     refresh_tool_panel_sidebar_theme = refresh_tool_panel_sidebar_theme

app/views/panels/ai_image_panel.py

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ def _on_tree_motion(self: "PQAutomationApp", event):
 
 def create_ai_image_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
     """创建 AI 图片对话面板，并注册到面板管理。"""
-    frame = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+    frame = ttk.Frame(self.view_stack)
     self.ai_image_frame = frame
 
     # 内部状态
@@ -413,9 +413,9 @@ def create_ai_image_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
 def toggle_ai_image_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
     """切换 AI 图片面板显隐。"""
     self.show_panel("ai_image")
-    _apply_ai_image_list_style(self)
+    self.root.after_idle(lambda: _apply_ai_image_list_style(self))
     if not getattr(self, "_ai_image_list_loaded", False):
-        _start_new_session(self)
+        self.root.after_idle(lambda: _start_new_session(self))
 
 
 def _get_app_base_dir(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> str:

app/views/panels/calman_panel.py

@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ def _refresh_calman_config_summary(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
 def create_calman_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
     """创建 CALMAN 风格灰阶测试面板，注册到 panel_manager。"""
     palette = _get_calman_palette()
-    self.calman_frame = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+    self.calman_frame = ttk.Frame(self.view_stack)
     self.calman_visible = False
     self.calman_levels = list(DEFAULT_LEVELS_PCT)
     # level_pct -> dict(pct, x, y, Y, X, Z, cct, gamma, de2000, rgb_r, rgb_g, rgb_b, time)
@@ -677,22 +677,45 @@ def create_calman_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
 
     _apply_calman_tree_style(self)
 
-    right.bind("<Configure>", lambda _e: _adaptive_matrix_columns(self))
+    right.bind("<Configure>", lambda _e: _schedule_adaptive_matrix_columns(self))
 
-    _refresh_metric_table(self)
+    self.root.after_idle(lambda: _finish_calman_panel_init(self))
-    _refresh_calman_config_summary(self)
-    _update_target_strip(self)
-    _update_actual_strip(self)
-    _redraw_calman_charts(self)
 
     # 注册到统一面板管理（按钮稍后由 main_layout 注入）
     self.register_panel("calman", self.calman_frame, None, "calman_visible")
 
 
+def _finish_calman_panel_init(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    """延迟初始化 CALMAN 图表与表格，避免阻塞主窗口首屏。"""
+    _refresh_metric_table(self)
+    _refresh_calman_config_summary(self)
+    _update_target_strip(self)
+    _update_actual_strip(self)
+    _redraw_calman_charts(self)
+    self._calman_panel_initialized = True
+
+
+def _on_calman_panel_shown(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    """面板切到前台时只做轻量刷新，不重绘 Matplotlib。"""
+    _refresh_calman_config_summary(self)
+    _schedule_adaptive_matrix_columns(self)
+
+
+def _schedule_adaptive_matrix_columns(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
+    job = getattr(self, "_calman_matrix_col_job", None)
+    if job is not None:
+        try:
+            self.root.after_cancel(job)
+        except Exception:
+            pass
+    self._calman_matrix_col_job = self.root.after_idle(
+        lambda: _adaptive_matrix_columns(self)
+    )
+
+
 def toggle_calman_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp") -> None:
     """切换 CALMAN 灰阶面板显示。"""
     self.show_panel("calman")
-    _refresh_calman_config_summary(self)
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1374,3 +1397,4 @@ class CalmanPanelMixin:
     create_calman_panel = create_calman_panel
     toggle_calman_panel = toggle_calman_panel
     refresh_calman_theme = refresh_calman_theme
+    _on_calman_panel_shown = _on_calman_panel_shown

app/views/panels/gamma_pattern_panel.py

@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ _GENERATORS = {
 
 def create_gamma_pattern_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
     """创建灰阶 Pattern 配置面板。"""
-    frame = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+    frame = ttk.Frame(self.view_stack)
     self.gamma_pattern_frame = frame
     self.gamma_pattern_visible = False
 

app/views/panels/main_layout.py

@@ -171,8 +171,32 @@ def create_test_items_content(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
         },
     }
 
-    # 根据当前测试类型创建复选框
+    # 预创建各测试类型的复选框，切换时只改显隐与勾选状态，避免重复构建控件。
     self.test_vars = {}
+    toggle_bootstyle = "success-round-toggle"
+    for type_key, config in self.test_items.items():
+        frame = config["frame"]
+        type_label = ttk.Label(
+            frame,
+            text=self.get_test_type_name(type_key),
+            style="primary.TLabel",
+        )
+        type_label.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=3)
+        config["type_label"] = type_label
+
+        checkbox_vars: dict[str, tk.BooleanVar] = {}
+        for i, (text, var_name) in enumerate(config["items"]):
+            var = tk.BooleanVar(value=False)
+            ttk.Checkbutton(
+                frame,
+                text=text,
+                variable=var,
+                bootstyle=toggle_bootstyle,
+                command=self.update_config_and_tabs,
+            ).grid(row=i // 2 + 1, column=i % 2, sticky=tk.W, padx=10, pady=5)
+            checkbox_vars[var_name] = var
+        config["checkbox_vars"] = checkbox_vars
+
     self.update_test_items()
 
     # 创建色度参数设置框架
@@ -1243,33 +1267,17 @@ def update_test_items(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
         frame = config["frame"]
         frame.pack(fill=tk.X, padx=5, pady=5)
 
-        # 添加测试类型标签
+        config["type_label"].configure(
-        type_label = ttk.Label(
-            frame,
             text=self.get_test_type_name(current_test_type),
-            style="primary.TLabel",
         )
-        type_label.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=2, sticky=tk.W, padx=5, pady=3)
 
-        # 从配置中读取保存的选择状态
         saved_test_items = self.config.current_test_types[current_test_type].get(
             "test_items", []
         )
 
-        # 添加复选框
+        for var_name, var in config["checkbox_vars"].items():
-        toggle_bootstyle = "success-round-toggle"
+            var.set(var_name in saved_test_items)
-        for i, (text, var_name) in enumerate(config["items"]):
-            is_checked = var_name in saved_test_items
-            var = tk.BooleanVar(value=is_checked)
-
             self.test_vars[f"{current_test_type}_{var_name}"] = var
-            ttk.Checkbutton(
-                frame,
-                text=text,
-                variable=var,
-                bootstyle=toggle_bootstyle,
-                command=self.update_config_and_tabs,
-            ).grid(row=i // 2 + 1, column=i % 2, sticky=tk.W, padx=10, pady=5)
 
     if hasattr(self, "chart_notebook"):
         self.update_chart_tabs_state()

app/views/panels/pantone_baseline_panel.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ _TEMPLATE_FILE = "pantone_2670_colors.xlsx"
 
 def create_pantone_baseline_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
     """创建 Pantone 认证摸底测试面板。"""
-    frame = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+    frame = ttk.Frame(self.view_stack)
     self.pantone_baseline_frame = frame
     self.pantone_baseline_visible = False
     self.pantone_patterns = []

app/views/panels/side_panels.py

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
 def create_log_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
     """创建日志面板"""
-    self.log_frame = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+    self.log_frame = ttk.Frame(self.view_stack)
     self.log_gui = PQLogGUI(self.log_frame)
     self.log_gui.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=10, pady=10)
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ def create_log_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
 
 def create_local_dimming_panel(self: "PQAutomationApp"):
     """创建 Local Dimming 测试面板。"""
-    self.local_dimming_frame = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+    self.local_dimming_frame = ttk.Frame(self.main_view)
 
     # 主容器
     main_container = ttk.Frame(self.local_dimming_frame, padding=10)

pqAutomationApp.py

@@ -173,18 +173,25 @@ class PQAutomationApp(
             side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=5, pady=5
         )
 
+        # 叠层容器：主界面与工具面板同尺寸叠放，切换时用 lift 而非 pack_forget。
+        self.view_stack = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+        self.view_stack.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)
+        self.main_view = ttk.Frame(self.view_stack)
+        self._ld_embedded = False
+        self._view_stack_ready = False
+
         # 创建右侧内容区域的上中下三个分区
-        self.control_frame_top = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+        self.control_frame_top = ttk.Frame(self.main_view)
         self.control_frame_top.pack(
             side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=0, pady=5
         )
 
-        self.control_frame_middle = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+        self.control_frame_middle = ttk.Frame(self.main_view)
         self.control_frame_middle.pack(
             side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=0, pady=5
         )
 
-        self.control_frame_bottom = ttk.Frame(self.content_frame)
+        self.control_frame_bottom = ttk.Frame(self.main_view)
         self.control_frame_bottom.pack(
             side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True, padx=0, pady=5
         )
@@ -222,6 +229,7 @@ class PQAutomationApp(
         self.create_result_chart_frame()
         # 创建客户模板结果显示区域（黑底表格）
         self.create_custom_template_result_panel()
+        self.setup_view_stack()
         # 在所有控件创建完成后，统一初始化测试类型
         self.root.after(100, self.initialize_default_test_type)
 
@@ -406,17 +414,6 @@ class PQAutomationApp(
                 self.signal_tabs.tab(i, state="normal")
 
             self.signal_tabs.select(target_tab)
-            self.signal_tabs.update()
-            self.root.update_idletasks()
-
-            if target_tab == 0:
-                self.screen_module_signal_frame.tkraise()
-            elif target_tab == 1:
-                self.sdr_signal_frame.tkraise()
-            elif target_tab == 2:
-                self.hdr_signal_frame.tkraise()
-            elif target_tab == 3:
-                self.local_dimming_signal_frame.tkraise()
 
             for i in range(4):
                 if i != target_tab:
@@ -476,7 +473,19 @@ class PQAutomationApp(
         self._switch_signal_format_tabs(test_type)
         self._sync_custom_template_tab_visibility(test_type)
         self.sync_gamut_toolbar()
-        self._restore_charts_for_type(test_type)
+        self._schedule_chart_restore(test_type)
+
+    def _schedule_chart_restore(self, test_type: str) -> None:
+        """延迟恢复图表，避免阻塞测试类型切换时的 UI 响应。"""
+        job = getattr(self, "_chart_restore_job", None)
+        if job is not None:
+            try:
+                self.root.after_cancel(job)
+            except Exception:
+                pass
+        self._chart_restore_job = self.root.after_idle(
+            lambda tt=test_type: self._restore_charts_for_type(tt)
+        )
 
     def _save_chart_snapshot(self, test_type: str, chart_name: str, args: tuple):
         """保存某次绘图的参数，以便切换测试类型时可以重绘。"""

settings/pq_config.json

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 {
-    "current_test_type": "screen_module",
+    "current_test_type": "local_dimming",
     "test_types": {
         "screen_module": {
             "name": "屏模组性能测试",